Veterinary Conditions & Diseases
Browse 34 canine and feline health conditions. Each entry details clinical causes, typical symptoms, diagnostic procedures, home management, and urgent red flag warnings.
Addisonβs Disease (Hypoadrenocorticism)
An endocrine deficiency where the adrenal glands fail to produce vital steroid hormones (cortisol and aldosterone).
Canine Hip Dysplasia (CHD)
A polygenic developmental disorder of the hip joint leading to joint laxity, abnormal biomechanical wear, and secondary osteoarthritis.
Canine Hypothyroidism
An endocrine disorder in dogs caused by underactive thyroid glands that fail to produce adequate thyroid hormones.
Canine Parvovirus (Parvo)
A highly contagious and severe viral illness in puppies and unvaccinated dogs that attacks rapidly dividing cells in the intestinal crypts and bone marrow.
Cataract
An opacity or cloudiness of the crystalline lens inside the eye that obstructs the passage of light to the retina.
Cherry Eye (Prolapsed Nictitans Gland)
A condition in which the tear-producing gland of the third eyelid prolapses and pops out of its normal anatomical pocket, appearing as a red fleshy mass.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
A gradual, irreversible loss of kidney filtration, waste excretion, and urine concentration ability over months or years.
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
A clinical syndrome where the heart cannot pump adequate blood forward, causing fluid to congest and back up into the lungs or body cavities.
Corneal Ulceration
A painful wound or break in the outer epithelial layers of the cornea on the surface of the eye.
Cushingβs Disease (Hyperadrenocorticism)
An endocrine disorder caused by excessive, prolonged levels of cortisol hormone in the body.
Diabetes Mellitus
A chronic metabolic disorder characterized by inadequate insulin production or cellular insulin resistance, resulting in elevated blood glucose.
Feline Hyperthyroidism
A common endocrine disorder of older cats caused by an overactive thyroid gland that overproduces thyroid hormones, accelerating metabolism.
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)
A lentivirus infection of cats that gradually depletes CD4+ helper T-lymphocytes, leading to progressive immune dysfunction.
Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)
EmergencyA severe, immune-mediated viral disease in cats caused by a mutation of common feline coronavirus (FCoV).
Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV)
A contagious feline retrovirus transmitted primarily through close, friendly contact that impairs the immune system and predisposes cats to tumors and bone marrow failure.
Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease (FLUTD)
An umbrella term encompassing disorders affecting the feline urinary bladder and urethra, including feline idiopathic cystitis, bladder stones, and urethral plugs.
Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV / Bloat)
A catastrophic medical and surgical emergency where the stomach fills with gas and twists on its mesenteric axis, cutting off blood supply.
Giardiasis (Giardia Parasite Infection)
A microscopic flagellated protozoan intestinal infection causing malabsorptive soft stool, mucus diarrhea, and weight loss.
Glaucoma
EmergencyAn ocular emergency characterized by increased intraocular pressure (IOP) that causes severe eye pain and rapid irreversible blindness.
Heartworm Disease
A serious, potentially fatal parasitic infection caused by foot-long worms residing in the pulmonary arteries and heart.
Hornerβs Syndrome
A classic neurological complex of four distinct eye signs caused by a disruption of the sympathetic nerve pathway to the eye.
Idiopathic Epilepsy
A chronic neurological brain condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures without an identifiable structural brain defect or toxin.
Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD)
A spinal condition where cushioning discs between vertebrae degenerate, bulge, or rupture into the spinal canal, compressing the spinal cord.
Kennel Cough (Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease Complex)
A highly contagious upper respiratory syndrome in dogs causing a sudden, harsh, dry hacking cough.
Leptospirosis
EmergencyA serious, zoonotic bacterial infection transmitted through contaminated water or wildlife urine that causes acute kidney failure and liver damage.
Lymphoma (Lymphosarcoma)
A malignant cancer arising from lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell vital to the immune system.
Mast Cell Tumor (MCT)
A malignant skin cancer arising from mast cells, specialized immune cells that contain bioactive granules of histamine and heparin.
Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease (MMVD)
A degenerative cardiac disease where the mitral valve leaflets thicken and leak, allowing blood to back up into the left atrium.
Osteoarthritis (Degenerative Joint Disease)
A progressive, chronic degeneration of joint cartilage accompanied by joint inflammation, bone remodeling, and chronic pain.
Otitis Externa
Acute or chronic inflammation of the external ear canal, commonly complicated by secondary bacterial or yeast overgrowth.
Pancreatitis
Inflammation of the pancreas that occurs when digestive enzymes activate prematurely inside the gland itself.
Periodontal Disease
A progressive bacterial infection and inflammation of the supporting tissues of the teeth, leading to bone loss and tooth mobility.
Pyometra
A life-threatening bacterial infection and pus accumulation inside the uterus of intact female animals.
Splenic Hemangiosarcoma
An aggressive, highly malignant vascular cancer that develops from the cells lining blood vessels, most commonly within the spleen.